Document Type : بحث
Authors
University of Anbar - College of Islamic Sciences
Abstract
Philosophy's relationship with Sufi thinking is a simulation of both sides of human understanding. Consideration, logic, and inference are all mental aspects. And there's a spiritual side in which a person senses and accepts the existence of a vast metaphysical force that governs the entire world. With the abstract intellect, no human being can grasp the nature of this force and this unseen realm. As a result, most civilizations and people have attempted to explain this through religion in order to satisfy this spiritual side. Sufism was one of the highest and purest incarnations of Islam, since it represented the transcendent spiritual part of the religion to match the sensible side of worship and transactions. For Muslim philosophers, Islamic mysticism represented a meeting point between religion and philosophy. Although philosophy and Sufism are not the same However, they share many topics, difficulties, and dilemmas, such as ethics, beyond nature (theology, and prescient), and knowledge, particularly since some philosophers accepted the illuminating knowledge that relies on intuition and taste. As a result, mystical philosophers like Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, and Ibn Tufayl, as well as Sufi philosophical intellectuals like Ibn Arabi, Ibn Saba'in, and others, appeared in our Islamic civilization. Ibn Bajja,was our topic here , he was one of those thinkers whose philosophy had a strong influence on mystical thought , despite what was said about his commitment to rational knowledge and his criticism of Sufi strategies for realizing the truth. In this research after this introduction, we dealt with Ibn Baja's personal and scientific biography in the first topic, and in the second section, we dealt with the Sufi impact on Ibn Baja's cognitive aspect, and we concluded this research with a conclusion.
Keywords
- Abu Nasr .Al-Farabi .Opinions of the People of the Virtuous City. Dar Al-Mashreq, Lebanon, 3rd edition, 2000 AD.
- Afifi , Zainab .Ibn Baja and his philosophical views. Atef Al-Iraqi, Religious Culture Library, Cairo, Philosophical Library, 1st edition, 1430 AH-2009 AD.
- Abu Al-Ela. Sufism is a Spiritual Revolution in Islam. Hindawi Foundation, UK, 2020.
- Al-Abadi , Abdullah bin Hussein .The Social Thought of Ibn Baja.King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 1413 AH.
- Al-Ahwany, Ahmed Fouad. Islamic Philosophy, . The Egyptian General Book Authority, 1985 AD.
- Al-Alawi, , Jamal Al-Din. Philosophical Letters to Abi Bakr Bin Baja, Unpublished Philosophical Texts. Moroccan Publishing House, Casablanca, Morocco, Dar Al-Thaqafa, Beirut.
- Al-Andalusi , Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Musa bin Saeed al-Maghribi .Morocco in the Jewelry of Morocco (d. 685 AH), investigation: Shawqi Dhaif, Dar al-Maarif, Cairo.
- Al-Arbali , Abu al-Abbas, Shams al-Din Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Abi Bakr Ibn Khalatan .Deaths of Notables and News of the Sons of Time. (d. 681 AH), investigation,Ihsan Abbas, Dar Sader, Beirut, 1st edition, 1917 AD.
- Al-Baghdadi, Abd al-Qaher bin Taher al-Tamimi .The Fundamentals of Religion, State Press, Istanbul, 1st edition, 1928.
- Al-Dimashqi , Khair al-Din bin Mahmoud bin Muhammad bin Ali bin Faris, al-Zarkali .Al-Alam, . (d. 1396 AH), Dar al-Ulum Li’l-Malayyin, 2002 AD.
- Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. The Savior from Delusion, investigation, Jamil Saliba and Kamel Ayad, Dar Al-Andalus, Beirut.
- Al-Hadrami ,Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad bin Khaldun ,Introduction by Ibn Khaldun.(d. 808 AH), Dar al-Qalam, Beirut, 1984 AD.
- Al-Hanafi . Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Abi Ishaq bin Ibrahim bin Yaqoub Al-Kilabadi Al-Bukhari .Recognizing the Doctrine of the People of Sufism. (d. 380 AH), Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, Beirut.
- Al-Harawi, Abu Ismail Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Ali Al-Ansari. The Houses of the Walkers, .Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, Beirut.
- Al-Ifriqi , Muhammad bin Makram bin Ali, Abu al-Fadl, Jamal al-Din Ibn Manzoor al-Ansari al-Ruwaifi’i .Lisan al-Arab. (d. 711 AH), Dar Sader, Beirut, 3rd Edition, 1414 AH.
- Al-Iji, Adad al-Din Abd al-Rahman bin Ahmad .Al-Mawqif, investigation , Abd al-Rahman Amira, Dar al-Jil, Beirut, 1st edition, 1997.
- Al-Jar, Hanna Al-Fakhoury and Khalil .The History of Arabic Philosophy, Dar Al-Jil, 3rd Edition, 1993.
- Al-Maliki , Abi Zaid Abd al-Rahman Ibn Khaldun al-Hadrami al-Ishbili .Healing the Questioner and Refining the Issues . (d. 808 AH), investigation: Muhammad Muti’ al-Hafiz, Damascus, Dar al-Fikr, Al-Assad Library, 1st edition, 1417 AH-1996 CE.
- Al-Marrakshi, Abdul Wahid. Al-Mojeb in Summarizing the News of the Arabs from the time of the conquest of Andalusia to the end of the era of the Almohads.investigation, Muhammad Saeed Al-Arian, Muhammad Al-Arabi Al-Alami, Al-Istiqama Press, Cairo, 1368 AH.
- Al-Safadi , Salah al-Din Khallal bin Aybak bin Abdullah . Al-Wafi al-Wafiyyat, (d. 764 AH), investigation, Ahmed al-Arnaout and Turki Mustafa, Ihya al-Turath House, Beirut, 1420 AH - 2000 AD.
- Al-Salami , Muhammad bin Al-Hussein bin Muhammad bin Musa bin Khalid bin Salem Al-Nisaburi, Abu Abdul Rahman .Layers of Sufism. (d. 412 AH), investigation, Mustafa Abdel-Qader Atta, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiya, Beirut, 1st edition, 1419 AH-1998 AD.
- Al-Sawy Al-Sawy Ahmed, Islamic philosophy, its concept, importance, origin, and most important issues, Dar Al-Nasr, 1998 AD.
- Al-Shaibani , Omar Muhammad Tommy .An Introduction to Islamic Philosophy, . The Arab Book House, Libya, 3rd edition, 1982.
- Al-Thanawi , Muhammad bin Ali Ibn Al-Qadi Muhammad Hamid bin Muhammad Saber Al-Farooqi Al-Hanafi .A Scout of Conventions of Arts and Sciences. (d. after 1158 AH), presented, supervised and reviewed by, Rafik Al-Ajam, investigation, Ali Dahrouj, translating the Persian text into Arabic, Abdullah Al-Khalidi, Library of Lebanon Publishers, Beirut, 1st edition, 1996 AD.
- Al-Tusi . Abu Hamid Muhammad bin Muhammad al-Ghazali. The Revival of Religious Sciences. d. 505 AH), Dar al-Ma'rifah, Beirut.
- Al-Tusi, Abu Hamid Muhammad bin Muhammad Al-Ghazali. Mishkat Al-Anwar, Al-Tusi, investigation,Abu Al-Ela Afifi, National House for Printing and Publishing, Cairo.
- Awaida, Kamel Muhammad Muhammad . Ibn Baja Al-Andalusi, The Creative Philosopher. Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, Beirut, Lebanon, 1st edition, 143 AH-1993 AD.
- Corbin ,Henry .A History of Islamic Philosophy from the Springs to the Death of Ibn Rushd, , translated by, Naseer Marwa and Hassan Qubaisi, reviewed and presented by, Imam Musa al-Sadr and Prince Aref Tamer, Beirut, Lebanon, 3rd edition, 1998 AD.
- El Miniawy, Ahmed, Plato.The Republic of Plato . Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, Cairo, 1st edition, 2010.
- Fakhry, Majid,Ibn Baja’s Divine Messages, Majid Fakhry, 2nd edition, Dar Al-Nahar, Beirut, Lebanon, 1991 AD.
- Farroukh, Omar. Ibn Baja and Moroccan Philosophy, 2nd edition, Mneimneh Library, Beirut, 1371 AH - 1952 AD.
- Fattah, Irfan Abdel Hamid. The Emergence and Development of Sufi philosophy,.
- Hussein, Ibrahim Madkour and Taha. Al-Mughni in the Gates of Monotheism and Justice, Consideration and Knowledge, Part 12 the Egyptian General Organization for Publishing, Cairo, 1962.
- Ibn Abi Asaba , Ahmed bin Al-Qasim bin Khalifa bin Younis Al-Khazraji, Muwaffaq Al-Din, Abu Al-Abbas .The Eyes of the News in the Layers of Doctors, Ahmed bin Al-Qasim bin Khalifa bin Younis Al-Khazraji, Muwaffaq Al-Din, Abu Al-Abbas Ibn Abi Asaba. (d. 668 AH), investigation, Nizar Rida, Dar Al-Hayat Library, Beirut.
- Ibn Rushd .Beyond Nature, Aristotle, . Puig Bulletin, Catholic Press, Beirut, 1938.
- Ibn Sina, Al-Shifa, Al-Ilahiyat. investigation by Hassanzadeh Al-Amili, 1st Edition, Publishing Center of the Islamic Information Office, Qom.
- Ibn Sina, Signs and Warnings, investigation, Suleiman Donia, Dar Al-Maarif, Cairo
- Karam, Youssef. The History of Greek Philosophy. Hindawi Foundation for Education and Culture, 2012.
- Khalif , Khalaf Allah .The Introduction to Philosophy from the Viewpoint of Islamists. Egyptian Universities House, 1982.
- Mahmoud, Zaki Naguib. Bertrand Russell. The History of Western Philosophy, Book One, Ancient Philosophy, Revised by Ahmed Amin, The Egyptian General Book Organization, Cairo, 2010.
- Mughniyeh, Muhammad Jawad. Milestones of Islamic Philosophy, Insights into Sufism and Miracles.Al-Hilal Library, 3rd edition, 1982 AD.
- Murad, Barakat Muhammad. Ibn Baja's philosophy and critical direction, Annals of Arts and Social Sciences, the twenty-second yearbook 1423 AH - 2002 AD, Letter No. 179.
- Murtada, al-Zubaidi , Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Abd al-Razzaq al-Husayni, Abu al-Fayd .Crown of the Bride from the jewels of the dictionary, , .(d. 1205 AH), a group of investigators, Dar al-Hidaya.
- Othman, Ibrahim Khurshid Abd al-Rahman Younis, Hassan .Sufism, Massignon and Mustafa Abd al-Razzaq, Committee of the Islamic Encyclopedia. Hassan Othman, Lebanese Book House, School Library, 1st edition, 1984 AD.
- Rakitov, Foundations of Philosophy, Student Library, Dar Al-Taqaddum, Moscow, translated by: Muwafaq Al-Dulaimi.
- The Holy Quran
- Touqan, Qadri Hafez .The Place of Reason among the Arabs, Dar Al-Quds, Beirut.
- Yahya , Henry Corbin in collaboration with El-Sayed Hussein Nasr and Othman .A History of Islamic Philosophy from the Springs to the Death of Ibn Rushd (1198), , translated by, Naseer Marwa and Hassan Qubeisy.
)
